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Functions of language Halliday

发布时间：2025-10-31 00:39:46

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答案：he views children's language development as “the mastery of linguistic functions”, and learning a language is learning how to mean”. So he puts forward seven functions in children's model of language, that is, instrumental, regulatory, interactional, personal, heuristic, imaginative and informative function. The adult's language becomes much more complex and it has to serve many more functions, but the functional range is gradually reduced to a set of highly coded and abstract functions, which are meta-functions: the ideational, the interpersonal, and the textual functions. 1. Ideational function: experiential; logical function（由transitivity 实现） The ideational function is to convey new information, to communicate a content that is unknown to the hearer. The ideational function mainly includes “transitivity’ and “voice”. Transitivity is the grammar of the clause in its ideational aspect. It consists of six different processes: Material, Behavioral, Mental, Verbal, Relational and Existential Process. 2. Interpersonal function: The Interpersonal Function embodies all uses of language to express social and personal relations. This includes the various ways the speaker enters a speech situation and performs a speech act. Interpersonal function is realized by mood and modality Mood shows what the role the speaker selects in the speech situation and what role he assigns to the addressee. Mood is made up of two parts: the “Subject” `and the “Finite” element. except the subject and the finite element, the rest of clause is called Residue. It has three functional elements: the Predicator Complement and Adjunct.（补加语）Modality specifies if the speaker is expressing his judement or making predication( Give me that teapot) . Modality can be categorized into modalization and modulation according to the distinction of speech roles. （information）（good&service） 3. Textual function: It refers to the fact that language has mechanisms to make any stretch of spoken or written discourse into a coherent and unified text and make a living passage different from a random list of sentences. Two sentences may have exactly the same ideational function and interpersonal function, but can have different textual coherence. The textual function is realized as the thematic structure of the clause as a message. The two main constitutes are Theme and Rheme.